The term cingulate cortex refers to to a large portion of cerebral cortex on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. In the human it includes the entire cingulate gyrus and subcallosal gyrus of the limbic lobe, rostrally adjacent margins of the superior frontopolar gyrus and the superior rostral gyrus of the frontal lobe, and, caudally, part of the precuneus of the parietal lobe. Representing essentially the same territory included in the cingulate region of Brodmann-1909, it is segmented on the basis of internal structure as demonstrated by multiple histological and immunohistological stains, as well as connectivity and functional criteria ( Vogt-2012 ). Its location in the macaque is similar, except that the macaque has no superior frontopolar gyrus or superior rostral gyrus ( Martin-2000 ). In both species, it has four parts: the anterior cingulate cortex, the midcingulate cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex, and the retrosplenial cortex ( Vogt-2013 ). In the rat and mouse, which have no sulcal landmarks in that region, it is defined by internal structure as composed of three regions: anterior cingulate cortex, midcingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex. Both lack posterior cingulate cortex ( Vogt-2014 ).